Effects of Tissue Flossing on Athletic Performance Measures: A Systematic Review. Cheatham et al. 2024
Is hip adductor or abductor strength in healthy athletes associated with future groin pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Quintana-Cepedal et al. 2024
Keeping Pace with Wearables: A Living Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews Evaluating the Accuracy of Consumer Wearable Technologies in Health Measurement. Doherty et al. 2024
Mixed comparison of intervention with eccentric, isometric, and heavy slow resistance for Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment Patella Questionnaire in adults with patellar tendinopathy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Li et al. 2024
Physical activity, amyloid-β, and tau protein: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Feter et al. 2024
Shouldering the load: A scoping review of incidence, types, and risk factors of shoulder injuries in weight-lifting athletes. Daher et al. 2024
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Tendon/Ligament Injuries in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Fukuyama, Murakami, & Iemitsu 2024
Situational and Dispositional Achievement Goals and Measures of Sport Performance: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis. Lochbaum & Sisneros 2024
Neuromuscular mechanisms for the fast decline in rate of force development with muscle disuse – a narrative review. Ruggiero & Gruber 2024
Does ischemic preconditioning enhance sports performance more than placebo or no intervention? A systematic review with meta-analysis. Souza et al. 2024
The effect of ischemic preconditioning on physical fitness and performance: a meta-analysis in healthy adults. Chen et al. 2024
How do athletes perform well under pressure? A meta-study. Hufton et al. 2024
Association of Physical Activity and/or Diet with Sleep Quality and Duration in Adolescents: A Scoping Review. Cruz et al. 2024
Muscle strength in sport climbing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Skriver et al. 2024
The Longitudinal Effects of Resisted and Assisted Sprint Training on Sprint Kinematics, Acceleration, and Maximum Velocity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Myrvang & van den Tillaar 2024
The Battle of the Equations: A Systematic Review of Jump Height Calculations Using Force Platforms. Eythorsdottir et al. 2024
Acute and chronic effects of static stretching of different target muscles on shear elastic modulus: A narrative review. Fukaya et al. 2024
Analysing the Relation between Passion, Motivation, and Subjective Well-Being in Sport: A Systematic Review. Bento et al. 2024
Effects of Exercise Training on Mitochondrial and Capillary Growth in Human Skeletal Muscle: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression. Mølmen, Almquist, & Skattebo 2024
Impact of resistance training on fatigue among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lange, Lassen, & Beinert 2024
Loneliness in sport: A systematic mixed studies review. Jackman et al. 2024
Physical exercise-related manifestations of long COVID: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Zheng et al. 2024
Rating of perceived exertion as a tool for managing exercise intensity during pregnancy: a scoping review. Gjestvang et al. 2024
Emerging Targets and Treatments for Sarcopenia: A Narrative Review. Cacciatore et al. 2024
Searching for meaning and purpose in elite sport: A narrative review of sport psychology literature with theoretical insights from psychology. Oblinger-Peters, Henriksen, & Ronkainen 2024
The effects of hydrotherapy and cryotherapy on recovery from acute post-exercise induced muscle damage-a network meta-analysis. Chen et al. 2024
Causal Association Between Sedentary Behaviors and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mendelian Randomization Studies. Gao et al. 2024
Photobiomodulation therapy as an adjunct to resistance exercises on muscle metrics, functional balance, functional capacity, and physical performance among older adults: A systematic scoping review. Kumar, Umakanth, & Girish 2024
The Association Between Menstrual Cycle Phase, Menstrual Irregularities, Contraceptive Use and Musculoskeletal Injury Among Female Athletes: A Scoping Review. MacMillan et al. 2024
The Effects of Normobaric Hypoxia on the Acute Physiological Responses to Resistance Training: A Narrative Review. Allsopp et al. 2024
High-intensity interval training for cardiometabolic health in adults with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Poon et al. 2024
Muscle activation in the lower limb muscles in individuals with dynamic knee valgus during single-leg and overhead squats: a meta-analysis study. Khou, Saki, & Tahayori 2024
What is the prevalence of anabolic-androgenic steroid use among women? A systematic review. Piatkowski et al. 2024
Standard Deviation of Individual Response for VO2max Following Exercise Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Renwick et al. 2024
The effect of contextual interference on transfer in motor learning – a systematic review and meta-analysis. Czyż, Wójcik, & Solarská 2024
Impact of Sedentary Behaviors on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. O’Brien et al. 2024
Effects of Resistance Exercise with and without Blood Flow Restriction on Acute Hemodynamic Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Macedo et al. 2024
Effectiveness of Kinesiotherapy in the Treatment of Achilles Tendinopathy—A Narrative Review. Trybulski et al. 2024
Effect of Exercise Modality on Heart Rate Variability in Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Yang et al. 2024
Dose–response association between walking speed and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Liu et al. 2024
Critical evaluation and recalculation of current systematic reviews with meta-analysis on the effects of acute and chronic stretching on passive properties and passive peak torque. Warneke et al. 2024
Acute neuromuscular responses to whole-body vibration in healthy individuals: A systematic review. AlBaiti, Arumugam, & Nawayseh 2024
The Effects of Endurance Training on Muscle Oxygen Desaturation during Incremental Exercise Tests: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Yogev et al. 2024
Muscle activation in the lower limb muscles in individuals with dynamic knee valgus during single-leg and overhead squats: a meta-analysis study. Jin et al. 2024
Acute effects of exercise-induced muscle damage on sprint and change of direction performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Harrison et al. 2024
Effects of lower-limb intermittent pneumatic compression on sports recovery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Maia et al. 2024
How many adults have sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise and the associated factors: A systematic review consisting of 2,629,508 participants. Ren et al. 2024
Skeletal Muscle Index–Based Cachexia Index as a Predictor of Prognosis in Patients With Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Xu et al. 2024
Physical activity, sedentary behavior and microbiome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prieto et al. 2024
Device-measured physical activity and sedentary time in the Nordic countries: A scoping review of population-based studies. Dohrn et al. 2024
Effect of myofascial release techniques on internal biomechanics and their resultant application to sports: A systematic review. Franca et al. 2024
The effect of foam rolling on local and distant pain sensitivity assessed with pressure pain thresholds in healthy participants and musculoskeletal pain patients: A systematic review. Habscheid, Szikszay, & Luedtke 2024
The effects of blood flow restriction training on post activation potentiation and upper limb muscle activation: a meta-analysis. Liu, Jiang, & Wang 2024
Dry Needling in Overhead Athletes with Myofascial Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review. Demeco et al. 2024
Does resistance training in older adults lead to structural brain changes associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer’s dementia? A narrative review. Nicola et al. 2024
Effect of aerobic training versus resistance training for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in middle-aged to older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. An, Su & Meng 2024
Exploring the impact of interleukins on sarcopenia development: A systematic review and meta-analysis. He et al. 2024
Exposome on skeletal muscle system: a mini-review. Purcaro et al. 2024
Effect of blood flow restriction training on health promotion in middle-aged and elderly women: A systematic review and meta analysis. Feng et al. 2024
Intervention Hypothesis for Training with Whole-Body Vibration to Improve Physical Fitness Levels: An Umbrella Review. Petrigna et al. 2024
The effect of resistance training in reducing hot flushes in post-menopausal women: A meta-analysis. Choudhry et al. 2024
Effects of blood flow restriction training on aerobic capacity, lower limb muscle strength and mass in healthy adults: a meta-analysis. Dong et al. 2024
The Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Body Composition After Resistance Training Interventions: A Systematic Review. Cavalcante et al. 2024
Effects of pilates exercises on strength, endurance and muscle power in older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Oliveira et al. 2024
Effectiveness of exercise-based sports injury prevention programmes in reducing injury rates in adolescents and their implementation in the community: a mixed-methods systematic review. Zhang et al. 2024
Flywheel Resistance Training Improves Jump Performance in Athletes and Non-Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Shimizu et al. 2024
Effects of low-load blood flow restriction training in healthy adult tendons: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vergara et al. 2024
Exercise Snacks and Other Forms of Intermittent Physical Activity for Improving Health in Adults and Older Adults: A Scoping Review of Epidemiological, Experimental and Qualitative Studies. Jones et al. 2024
Static Stretch Training versus Foam Rolling Training Effects on Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Konrad et al. 2024
The Within-Subject Association of Physical Behavior and Affective Well-Being in Everyday Life: A Systematic Literature Review. Timm et al. 2024
Supervised Versus Unsupervised Exercise for the Improvement of Physical Function and Well-Being Outcomes in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Gómez-Redondo et al. 2024
What gets measured gets managed: A scoping review of musculoskeletal research conducted within practice-based research networks. Laljii et al. 2024
Effects of exercise training on cardiolipin biosynthesis in human skeletal muscle mitochondria: A systematic review and meta-analysis. He et al. 2024
Effects of Myofascial Release Techniques on Joint Range of Motion of Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Antohe et al. 2024
Train in Pain: A Review of Exercise Benefits and Application for Individuals With Musculoskeletal Pain. Wilson et al. 2024
The impact of acute and chronic aerobic and resistance exercise on stem cell mobilization: A review of effects in healthy and diseased individuals across different age groups. Li et al. 2024
Resistance training and combined resistance and aerobic training as a treatment of depression and anxiety symptoms in young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Marinelli et al. 2024
The Effects of Resistance Training on Sport-Specific Performance of Elite Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Makaruk et al. 2024
A Meta-analysis of the Intervention Effect of Mindfulness Training on Athletes’ Performance. Si & Yang 2024
Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Training for Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and General Health Outcomes: A Brief Review of the Benefits and Side Effects. de Camargo et al. 2024
Skill acquisition interventions for the learning of sports-related skills: A scoping review of randomised controlled trials. Choo et al. 2024
Effect of exercise modalities on postexercise hypotension in pre- and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bourvellec et al. 2024
How coaches’ decision-making affect athlete selection: A systematic review and meta-synthesis. Xiang et al. 2024
The adaptable coach – A critical review of the practical implications for traditional and constraints–led approaches in sports coaching: A commentary. Kearney et al. 2024
Examining the coach–athlete relationship for facilitators and barriers to healthy sport participation for cyclically menstruating athletes: A systematic review. Gopalan et al. 2024
Evaluation scale and definitions of core and core stability in sports: A systematic review. Enoki, Hakozaki, & Shimizu 2024
The Effectiveness and Optimal Dose of Resistance Training in Patients With Subacute and Persistent Low Back-Related Leg Pain: A Systematic Review. Barbari et al. 2024
Comparative efficacy of different exercise types on inflammatory markers in women with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Tan et al. 2024
Exercise training mode effects on myokine expression in healthy adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Bettariga et al. 2024
Cerebral and muscle tissue oxygenation during exercise in healthy adults: A systematic review. Orciolo-Silva et al. 2024
Efficacy of aerobic and resistance exercises on cancer pain: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Austin et al. 2024
The Effect of Strength Training Methods on Middle-Distance and Long-Distance Runners’ Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Llanos-Lagos et al. 2024
What We Do Not Know About Stretching in Healthy Athletes: A Scoping Review with Evidence Gap Map from 300 Trials. Afonso et al. 2024
The Relationship Between Running Biomechanics and Running Economy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Van Hooren et al. 2024
Age-related modifications of muscle synergies during daily-living tasks: A scoping review. Dussault-Picard et al. 2024
Exercise Promotes Brain Health: A Systematic Review of fNIRS Studies. Shen et al. 2024
Effect of combined oral contraceptive on cardiorespiratory function and immune activation in premenopausal women involved in exercise: A systematic review protocol. Faunmi, Dludla, and Nkambule 2024
The Use of Acute Exercise Interventions as Priming Strategies to Improve Physical Performance During Track-and-Field Competitions: A Systematic Review. Tan, Kakehata and Lim 2024
Strength training has antidepressant effects in people with depression or depressive symptoms but no other severe diseases: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Rossi et al. 2024
Self-Massage Acute Effects on Pressure Pain Threshold, Muscular Electrical Activity, and Muscle Force Production: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Furlan et al. 2024
Inconsistencies in the perceived impact of the menstrual cycle on sport performance and in the prevalence of menstrual cycle symptoms: A scoping review of the literature. Oester et al. 2024
Effects of chronic static stretching interventions on jumping and sprinting performance–a systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis. Warneke et al. 2024
Effects of music on perceptive and performance responses during high-intensity exercise: a systematic review. Marques et al. 2024
Affectivity responses across different resistance training variables in older adults: a systematic review. Lopes da Silva et al. 2024
The impact of sprint interval training versus moderate intensity continuous training on blood pressure and cardiorespiratory health in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Liang et al. 2024
Do Exercise-Based Prevention Programs Reduce Injury in Endurance Runners? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Wu et al. 2024
The Effect of Sedentary Behaviour on Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Prince et al. 2024
The counteractive effects of interventions addressing mental fatigue on sport-specific performance among athletes: A systematic review with a meta-analysis. Sun et al. 2024
Physiological, perceptual, and biomechanical differences between treadmill and overground walking in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vickery-Howe et al. 2024
Skeletal site-specific effects of jump training on bone mineral density in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Florence, Oosthuyse and Bosch 2024
Blood flow restriction as a post-exercise recovery strategy: A systematic review of the current status of the literature. Oliva-Lozano et al. 2024
Effect of exercise for depression: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Noetel et al. 2024
Use of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids and Male Fertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Mulawkar et al. 2024
Can resistance training improve mental health outcomes in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cunha et al. 2024
Foam rolling and stretching do not provide superior acute flexibility and stiffness improvements compared to any other warm-up intervention: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Warneke et al. 2024
Maximal Lower Limb Strength in Patellar Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis . Obst, Peterson and Heales 2024
A Scoping Review of Indigenous Community-Specific Physical Activity Measures Developed with and for Indigenous Peoples in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Johnson et al. 2024
Current evidence for hypopressive exercises in healthy women: A systematic review. Rodrigues et al. 2024
Effects of Heat Adaptation on Physiology, Perception, and Exercise Performance in the Heat: An Updated Meta-Analysis. Tyler et al. 2024
Effect of Strength Training Programs in Middle- and Long-Distance Runners’ Economy at Different Running Speeds: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Llano-Lago et al. 2024
The meaning of injury to the elite athlete: A systematic review. Reussner et al. 2023
A Brief Review of the Efficacy in Artificial Intelligence and Chatbot-Generated Personalized Fitness Regimens. Bays et al. 2024
Impact of aerobic and resistance training on fatigue, quality of life, and physical activity in prostate cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nader et al. 2024
The Uses of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Among Athletes; Its Positive and Negative Aspects- A Literature Review. Wenbo and Yan 2023
Changes in Arterial Stiffness in Response to Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Training: A Narrative Review. Zota et al. 2023
Depression, anxiety and stress among female student-athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Beisecker et al. 2023
Use of extracorporeal shockwave therapies for athletes and physically active individuals: a systematic review. Rhim et al. 2023
Focus areas and methodological characteristics of North American-based health disparity research in sports medicine: a scoping review. Kliethermes et al. 2023
Coaches of youth field sports as delivery agents of injury prevention programmes: how are we training the trainers? A scoping review. Guilfoyle et al. 2023
Contexts, behavioural mechanisms and outcomes to optimise therapeutic exercise prescription for persistent low back pain: a realist review. Wood et al. 2023
Vertical Jump Testing after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Dutaillis et al. 2024
No Evidence of Postactivation Performance Enhancement on Endurance Exercises: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Vasconcelos et al. 2023
Clinical updates on the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise in people diagnosed with cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Toohey et al. 2023
The Impact of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage on Various Cycling Performance Metrics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Devantier-Thomas et al. 2024
Effectiveness of high-intensity interval training on peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Rodríguez-Gutiérrez et al. 2023
Effect of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Wang et al. 2024
Combined Exercise Training and Nutritional Interventions or Pharmacological Treatments to Improve Exercise Capacity and Body Composition in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Narrative Review. Brauwers et al. 2023
Causes of sleep deprivation in competative athletes: A scoping review. Pradzynska, Rylands, & Canham 2023
Athlete mental health help-seeking: A systematic review and meta-analysis of rates, barriers and facilitators. Cosh et al. 2023
The Influence of Motor Competence on Broader Aspects of Health: A Systematic Review of the Longitudinal Associations Between Motor Competence and Cognitive and Social-Emotional Outcomes. Hill et al. 2023
Female athlete triad epidemiology among adult athletes: A systematic review. Almousa & Bandin van Loon 2023
Body image and eating disorders in aesthetic sports: A systematic review of assessment and risk. Berengüí et al. 2023
Suppressive effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells: A narrative review of the influence of exercise mode, volume, and intensity. Bettariga et al. 2023
The effects of high velocity resistance training on bone mineral density in older adults: A systematic review. Haque, Schlacht & Skelton 2023
Preferred Reporting Items for Resistance Exercise Studies (PRIRES): A Checklist Developed Using an Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews. Lin, Chueh & Hung 2023
Acute Effects of Resistance Exercise on Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review. Hackett et al. 2023
Effect of Physical Exercise–Based Rehabilitation on Long COVID: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Chen et al. 2023
Effects of plyometric training on measures of physical fitness in racket sport athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Deng et al. 2023
Sleep, Nutrition, and Injury Risk in Adolescent Athletes: A Narrative Review. Mason et al. 2023
The influence of resistance exercise and aerobic exercise on type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Han and Sun 2023
Does Resisted Sprint Training Improve the Sprint Performance of Field-Based Invasion Team Sport Players? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ward et al. 2023
Core Body Temperatures in Intermittent Sports: A Systematic Review. Henderson et al. 2023
The Effects of Exercise-Based Injury Prevention Programmes on Injury Risk in Adult Recreational Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Liddle et al. 2023
Pre-Event Self-Efficacy and Sports Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Lochbaum et al. 2023
Relationship Between Athletes’ History of Stressors and Sport Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Chyi et al. 2023
Effect of gut microbiota modulation on sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Gil-Hernandez et al. 2023
Effects of blood flow restriction training on sports performance in athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Li et al. 2023
Effect of odor stimulations on physical activity: A systematic review. Cournoyer et al. 2023
Interventions for improving mental health in athletes: a scoping review. Ekelund et al. 2023
Self-Massage Techniques for the Management of Pain and Mobility With Application to Resistance Training: A Brief Review. MacLennan et al. 2023
The role of anticipated affect in the context of physical activity: a scoping review. Feil et al. 2023
Performance Benefits of Pre- and Per-cooling on Self-paced Versus Constant Workload Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. van de Kerkhof et al. 2023
Effects of Psychological Interventions to Enhance Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Reinebo et al. 2023
Effects of Bed Rest on Physical Performance in Athletes: A Systematic and Narrative Review. Spiering, Weakley, and Mujika 2023
The Effect of Hormonal Contraceptive Use on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy, Power and Strength Adaptations to Resistance Exercise Training: A Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-analysis. Nolan et al. 2023
The Effects of Massage Guns on Performance and Recovery: A Systematic Review. Ferreira et al. 2023
Influence of physical post-exercise recovery techniques on vagally-mediated heart rate variability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Laborde et al. 2023
Effect of exercise on posture, balance, gait, muscle strength, pulmonary function, and quality of life in hyperkyphotic older adults: a systematic review. Kumar and Singla 2023
Systematic and meta-based evaluation of the relationship between the built environment and physical activity behaviors among older adults. You et al. 2023
The Role of Multi-Sensor Measurement in the Assessment of Movement Quality: A Systematic Review. Swain et al. 2023
The Impact of Daytime Napping Following Normal Night-Time Sleep on Physical Performance: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression. Boukhris et al. 2023
The intention-behaviour gap in physical activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the action control framework. Feil, Fritsch, and Rhodes 2023
A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions that target the intersection of body image and movement among girls and women. Matheson et al. 2023
The effects of exercise-induced muscle damage on varying intensities of endurance running performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Burt, Doma, and Conner 2023
The impact of resistance training on brain-derived neurotrophic factor and depression among older adults aged 60 years or older: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Setayesh and Rahimi 2023
Older Adult Aerobic Capacity, Muscular Strength, Fitness and Body Composition After 20+ Years of Exercise Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Leslie, Luna, and Gibson 2023
Quantifying demands on the hamstrings during high-speed running: A systematic review and meta-analysis. McNally et al. 2023
Acute effect of physical activity on academic outcomes in school-aged youth: A systematic review and multivariate meta-analysis. Muntaner-Mas et al. 2023
Mechanisms Linking Physical Activity with Psychiatric Symptoms Across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review. Ho et al. 2023
High-Intensity Interval Training and Cardiometabolic Health in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. Edwards et al. 2023
Associations Between Motor Competence and Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Psychosocial Characteristics in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Burton et al. 2023
Mental Health in Ultra-Endurance Runners: A Systematic Review. Thuany et al. 2023
Effects of Bed Rest on Physical Performance in Athletes: A Systematic and Narrative Review. Spiering, Weakley, and Mujika 2023
A systematic review of how cannabinoids affect motoneuron output. Haynes et al. 2023
A Systematic Review of Reviews on The Impact of Exercise Training on Pulse Wave Velocity in Adults. Liu et al. 2023
Dose-response effect of lower limb resistance training volume on pain and function of women with patellofemoral pain: A systematic review and meta-regression. de Oliveira et al. 2023
A systematic narrative review of extrinsic strategies to improve affective responses to exercise. Jones and Zenko 2023
Effects of Physical Training and Associations Between Physical Performance Characteristics and Golf Performance in Female Players: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Robinson et al. 2023
The Effects of Strength and Conditioning Interventions on Sprinting Performance in Team Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Murphy et al. 2023
Optimal type and dose of hypoxic training for improving maximal aerobic capacity in athletes: A systematic review and Bayesian model-based network meta-analysis. Feng et al. 2023
Effects of physical training programs on female tennis players’ performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Deng et al. 2023
Moderate coffee or tea consumption decreased the risk of cognitive disorders: an updated dose–response meta-analysis. Zhu et al. 2023
Reactive Strength Index as a Key Performance Indicator in Different Athlete Populations – A Systematic Review. Southey et al. 2023
Patient ratings in exercise therapy for the management of tendinopathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Shim et al. 2023
Salivary Markers Responses in the Post-Exercise and Recovery Period: A Systematic Review. Neves et al. 2023
The effects of menstrual cycle phases on immune function and inflammation at rest and after acute exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Notbohm et al. 2023
Relationship between Euthyroidism and Muscle Mass and Strength: A Systematic Review. Greco et al. 2023
Mental and physical health outcomes of burnout in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Glandorf et al. 2023
Effects of Exercise Training on Executive Functioning in Adults with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Ren et al. 2023
The Prevalence of Menstrual Cycle Disorders and Menstrual Cycle-Related Symptoms in Female Athletes: A Systematic Literature Review. Taim et al. 2023
Effects of Resistance Training on Academic Outcomes in School-Aged Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Robinson et al. 2023
The intention-behaviour gap in physical activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the action control framework. Feil et al. 2023
Recovery from Resistance Exercise in Older Adults: A Systematic Scoping Review. Hayes et al. 2023
Effects of high-intensity interval training on vascular function in patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fuertes-Kenneally et al. 2023
The effect of self-confidence on performance in sports: a meta-analysis and narrative review. Jekauc et al. 2023
The Effects of Massage Therapy on Sport and Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review. Dakić et al. 2023
Is physical performance affected by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oliveira et al. 2023
Assessing Affective Valence and Activation in Stretching Activities with the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale: A Systematic Review. Henriques et al. 2023
The Effect of Exercise on Pain in People with Cancer: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Plinsinga et al. 2023
Long-term static stretching can decrease muscle stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Takeuchi et al. 2023
Heat Adaptation for Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Physiological Adaptations and Exercise Performance in the Heat. Kelly et al. 2023
Myofascial release strategies and technique recommendations for athletic performance: A systematic review. França et al 2023
Bilateral transfer of motor skill learning as results of motor imagery training: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Yao et al. 2023
Building for the Future: A Systematic Review of the Effects of Eccentric Resistance Training on Measures of Physical Performance in Youth Athletes. Bright et al. 2023
The Relationship Between Exercise, Cathepsin B, and Cognitive Functions: Systematic Review. Gökçe and Gün 2023
Effects of tapering on performance in endurance athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Wang et al. 2023
Effects of Resistance Exercise on Neuroprotective Factors in Middle and Late Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Rodríguez-Gutiérrez et al. 2023
Exercise characteristics and blood pressure reduction after combined aerobic and resistance training: a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. Schneider et al. 2023
The Impacts of COVID-19 Restrictions on Physical Activity in Children and Youth: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence. Eaton et al. 2023
Effects of Covid-19 on the autonomic nervous system in elite athletes assessed by heart rate variability. Zacher et al. 2023
Acute and Chronic Performance Enhancement in Rowing: A Network Meta-analytical Approach on the Effects of Nutrition and Training. Held et al. 2023
Acute effect of low-load resistance exercise with blood flow restriction on oxidative stress biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ferlito et al. 2023
A meta-analysis of the association between movement specific reinvestment and motor performance. Tang et al. 2023
Effects of internal cooling on physical performance, physiological and perceptional parameters when exercising in the heat: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Heydenreich et al. 2023
Effects of plyometric training on kicking performance in soccer players: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Zhang et al. 2023
Time-of-Day Effects of Exercise on Cardiorespiratory Responses and Endurance Performance-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Kang et al. 2023
Effect of gut microbiota modulation on sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Hernandez et al. 2023
Developing Emotional Intelligence through Physical Education: A Systematic Review. Gonzalez et al. 2023
The effects of mental fatigue on sport-specific motor performance among team sport athletes: A systematic scoping review. Yuan et al. 2023
A systematic review of ironic effects of motor task performance under pressure: The past 25 years. Bartura et al. 2023
Estimating the Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training on Novel Lipid Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Multivariate Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Wood et al. 2023
Comparative efficacy different resistance training protocols on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Wang et al. 2023
Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols on Blood Lactate Levels and Cognition in Healthy Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Regression. Jacob et al. 2023
Body Composition, Anthropometric Parameters, and Strength-Endurance Characteristics of Sport Climbers: A Systematic Review. Ginszt et al. 2023
High intensity and sprint interval training, and work-related cognitive function in adults: A systematic review. Gilson et al. 2023
The Effect of Fatigue on Trunk and Pelvic Jump-Landing Biomechanics in View of Lower Extremity Loading: A Systematic Review. Vermeulen et al. 2023
Association of trunk and lower limb factors with shoulder complaints and sport performance in overhead athletes: A systematic review including GRADE recommendations and meta-analysis. Machado et al. 2023
Chronic Effects of Static Stretching Exercises on Muscle Strength and Power in Healthy Individuals Across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review with Multi-level Meta-analysis. Arntz et al. 2023
Exercise as medicine for depressive symptoms? A systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression. Heissel et al. 2023
Effects of cold water immersion after exercise on fatigue recovery and exercise performance–meta analysis. Xiao et al. 2023
Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Injury in CrossFit: A Systematic Review. Mehrab et al. (2022)
Effectiveness of Conservative Interventions After Acute Hamstrings Injuries in Athletes: A Living Systematic Review. Afonso et al. (2022)
Do Sports Compression Garments Alter Measures of Peripheral Blood Flow? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. O’Riordan et al. (2022)
Effectiveness of Resistance Training on Fatigue in Patients Undergoing Cancer Treatment: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Contreras et al. (2022)
A systematic scoping review of athlete mental health within competitive sport: interventions, recommendations, and policy. Prior et al. (2022)
Effects of aerobic, strength, and combined training during pregnancy in the blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Corso et al. (2022)
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Resistance Training on Quality of Life, Depression, Muscle Strength, and Functional Exercise Capacity in Older Adults Aged 60 Years or More. Kashi et al. (2022)
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome Risk Associated with Squats: A Systematic Review. Pereira et al. (2022)
Mechanisms for blood pressure reduction following isometric exercise training: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Edwards et al. (2022)
Effect of resistance training on bioelectrical phase angle in older adults: a systematic review with Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Campa et al. (2022)
Effects of electromyostimulation on performance parameters in sportive and trained athletes: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Micke et al. (2022)
Breast cancer-related lymphoedema and resistance exercise: An evidence-based review of guidelines, consensus statements and systematic reviews. Wang et al. (2022)
The effects of exercise on complement system proteins in humans: a systematic scoping review. Rothschild-Rodriguez et al. (2022)
Executive function and visual attention in sport: a systematic review. Brimmell et al. (2022)
Effects of Unilateral Conditioning Activity on Acute Performance Enhancement: A Systematic Review. Krzysztofik et al. (2022)
Rates of Reporting and Analyzing Patient Sex in Sports Medicine Research: A Systematic Review. Sonnier et al. (2022)
Inequalities in the Evaluation of Male Versus Female Athletes in Sports Medicine Research: A Systematic Review. Paul et al. (2022)
The Effect of Resistance Training on the Rehabilitation of Elderly Patients with Sarcopenia: A Meta-Analysis. Zhao et al. (2022)
Effect of whole-body vibration on neuromuscular activation and explosive power of lower limb: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Wang et al. (2022)
Acute effects of exercise engagement on neurocognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis on P3 amplitude and latency. Kao et al. (2022)
Adherence to aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities guidelines: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 3.3 million participants across 32 countries. Garcia-Hermoso et al. (2022)
The influence of breathing techniques on physical sport performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Laborde et al. (2022)
Impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown on body weight: A combined systematic review and a meta-analysis. Bakaloudi et al. (2022)
Elderly may benefit more from motor imagery training in gaining muscle strength than young adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Liu et al. (2022)
Effects of Cold-Water Immersion Compared with Other Recovery Modalities on Athletic Performance Following Acute Strenuous Exercise in Physically Active Participants: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. Moore et al. (2022)
Change in Central Cardiovascular Function in Response to Intense Interval Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Astorino et al. (2022)
Does high-velocity resistance exercise elicit greater physical function benefits than traditional resistance exercise in older adults? A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 79 trials. Lopez et al. (2022)
Effects of blood flow restriction training on anthropometric and blood lipids in overweight/obese adults: Meta-analysis. Sun. (2022)
Facial mask acute effects on affective/psychological and exercise performance responses during exercise: A meta-analytical review. Glanzel et al. (2022)
What Parameters Influence the Effect of Cold-Water Immersion on Muscle Soreness? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Batista et al. (2022)
Time-Dependent Effects of Physical Activity on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults: A Systematic Review. Liu et al. (2022)
Life skills development and transfer amongst socially vulnerable adults through sports: a systematic review. Harmsel-Nieuwenhuis et al. (2022)
Identifying current uses of return to work screening tests and their effectiveness of reducing the risk of reinjury in athletic occupations – A systematic review. Noll et al. (2022)
Effects of Multicomponent Exercise Training on the Health of Older Women with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Linhares et al. (2022)
Effects of Eccentric Resistance Training on Lower-limb Passive Joint Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Kay et al. (2022)
Agreement and relationship between measures of absolute and relative intensity during walking: A systematic review with meta-regression. Warner et al. (2022)
Accuracy of infrared thermography in detecting tendinopathy: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Palitot Dias de Lacerda et al. (2022)
Heavy Resistance Training Versus Plyometric Training for Improving Running Economy and Running Time Trial Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eihara et al. (2022)
Cardiac structure and function in resistance-trained and untrained adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Saunders et al. (2022)
Exercise therapy in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: Its effects depending on the type of physical exercise-A systematic review. Toutain et al. (2022)
Differential correlates for aerobic physical activity and resistance training: a systematic review. Kompf and Rhodes. (2022)
With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility: Common Errors in Meta-Analyses and Meta-Regressions in Strength & Conditioning Research. Kadlec et al. (2022)
The relationship between hip strength and knee valgus during dynamic tasks among male and female adults with and without symptomatic knee pain: a systematic review. Jamaludin et al. (2022)
Moderators of Resistance Training Effects in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Lopez et al. (2022)
Exercise Selection and Common Injuries in Fitness Centers: A Systematic Integrative Review and Practical Recommendations. Bonilla et al. (2022)
Effects of weight loss through lifestyle changes on heart rate variability in overweight and obese patients: A systematic review. Mattos et al. (2022)
Effects of resistance training on C-reactive protein in menopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial. Loaiza-Betancur et al. (2022)
Effects of physical exercise on the functionality of human nucleotidases: A systematic review. Moritz et al. (2022)
Effects of physical activity on body mass and composition of school-age children and adolescents with overweight or obesity: Systematic review focusing on intervention characteristics. Soares et al. (2022)
Effects of different exercise types on visceral fat in young individuals with obesity aged 6–24 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Wang et al. (2022)
The Effectiveness of Dry Needling Combined With Therapeutic Exercises in Treating Tendinopathy Conditions: A Systematic Review. Giorgi et al. (2022)
The Bone Biomarker Response to an Acute Bout of Exercise: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Dolan et al. (2022)
Handgrip strength measurement protocols for all-cause and cause-specific mortality outcomes in more than 3 million participants: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Núñez-Cortés et al. (2022)
Effects of Wearing a Mask During Exercise on Physiological and Psychological Outcomes in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Zheng et al. (2022)
Acute effects of energy drink on heart rate variability recovery after exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Porto et al. (2022)
The performance and psychological effects of goal setting in sport: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Williamson et al. (2022)
Moving in the presence of others – a systematic review and meta-analysis on social facilitation. Van Meurs et al. (2022)
Effects of exercise training in hypoxia versus normoxia on fat-reducing in overweight and/or obese adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Chen et al. (2022)
Effect of Social Context on Cognitive and Motor Behavior: A Systematic Review. Mnif et al. (2022)
Healthy Eating Index Diet Quality in Randomized Weight Loss Trials: A Systematic Review. Cheng et al. (2022)
Effects of probiotic supplementation on performance of resistance and aerobic exercises: a systematic review. de Paiva et al. (2022)
Interindividual Differences in Trainability and Moderators of Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Waist Circumference, and Body Mass Responses: A Large-Scale Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis. Bonafiglia et al. (2022)
Are Trainees Lifting Heavy Enough? Self-Selected Loads in Resistance Exercise: A Scoping Review and Exploratory Meta-analysis. Steele et al. (2022)
Use of Exercise Training to Enhance the Power-Duration Curve: A Systematic Review. Hurd et al. (2022)
Dose-response association between the daily step count and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Liu et al. (2022)
Acute hemodynamic responses from low-load resistance exercise with blood flow restriction in young and older individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-over trials. Pedon et al. (2022)
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for the Recovery of Mental Fatigue: A Systematic Review. Cao et al. (2022)
Self-determination theory based instructional interventions and motivational regulations in organized physical activity: A systematic review and multivariate meta-analysis. Manninen et al. (2022)
Can Self-Regulatory Strength Training Counter Prior Mental Exertion? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Sun et al. (2022)
Appropriateness of indirect markers of muscle damage following lower limbs eccentric-biased exercises: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Chalchat et al. (2022)
Effects of Low-Load Blood Flow Restriction Training on Hemodynamic Responses and Vascular Function in Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis. Zhang et al. (2022)
Patterns of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Health Outcomes in Adults: A Systematic Review. Brady et al. (2022)
Effects of whole-body vibration on sports performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Minhaj et al. (2022)
Effects of Resistance and Endurance Training Alone or Combined on Hormonal Adaptations and Cytokines in Healthy Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Jansson et al. (2022)
The Effect of Menstrual Cycle on Perceptual Responses in Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Paludo et al. (2022)
Just How Confident Can We Be in Predicting Sports Injuries? A Systematic Review of the Methodological Conduct and Performance of Existing Musculoskeletal Injury Prediction Models in Sport. Bullock et al. (2022)
Mechanical, Material and Morphological Adaptations of Healthy Lower Limb Tendons to Mechanical Loading: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Lazarczuk et al. (2022)
Foam Rolling Training Effects on Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Konrad et al. (2022)
Effect of exercise as adjuvant to energy-restricted diets on quality of life and depression outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Rajaie et al. (2022)
Effects of Exercise Training Intensity and Duration on Skeletal Muscle Capillarization in Healthy Subjects: A Meta-analysis. Liu et al. (2022)
A meta-analysis on immediate effects of attentional focus on motor tasks performance. Nicklas et al. (2022)
The effect of resistance exercise on the immune cell function in humans: A systematic review. Salimans et al. (2022)
Acute effects of heavy resistance exercise on biomarkers of neuroendocrine-immune regulation in healthy adults: a systematic review. Haunhorst et al. (2022)
The Effect of Chronic Exercise on Energy and Fatigue States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. Wender et al. (2022).
Estimates of resting energy expenditure and total energy expenditure using predictive equations in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic review with meta-analysis. de Lima Macena et al. (2022)
Can Compression Garments Reduce the Deleterious Effects of Physical Exercise on Muscle Strength? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses. Négyesi et al. (2022)
Effects of blood flow restriction training on aerobic capacity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Flocco and Bernabei (2022).
How to Tackle Mental Fatigue: A Systematic Review of Potential Countermeasures and Their Underlying Mechanisms. Proost et al. (2022)
The effects of foam rolling on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in healthy adults: A systematic literature review. Grieve et al. (2022)
Effects of Differences in Exercise Programs With Regular Resistance Training on Resting Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Igarashi. (2022)
Management of Patellar Tendinopathy Through Monitoring, Load Control, and Therapeutic Exercise: A Systematic Review. Núñez-Martínez and Hernández-Guillen. (2021)
Effect Of Single and Multiple Sessions of Self-Myofascial Release: Systematic Review. de Oliveira et al. (2022)
Attempting to Separate Placebo Effects from Exercise in Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Miller et al. (2022)
Weight Maintenance after Dietary Weight Loss: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effectiveness of Behavioural Intensive Intervention. Flore et al. (2022)
Effect of resistance training on HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the moderating effect of changes in muscular strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Jansson et al. (2022)
Autonomy support in sport and exercise settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mossman et al. (2022)
Convergent Validity of Ratings of Perceived Exertion During Resistance Exercise in Healthy Participants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Lea et al. (2022)
Impact of anabolic androgenic steroids on male sexual and reproductive function: a systematic review. Esposito et al. (2022)
Impact of Cold-Water Immersion Compared with Passive Recovery Following a Single Bout of Strenuous Exercise on Athletic Performance in Physically Active Participants: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis and Meta-regression. Moore et al. (2022)
Influence of Cognitive Performance on Musculoskeletal Injury Risk: A Systematic Review. Avedesian et al. (2021)
Muscle-strengthening activities are associated with lower risk and mortality in major non-communicable diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Momma et al. (2022)
Performance slumps in sport: A systematic review. Stead et al. (2022)
Rapid Weight Loss of Up to Five Percent of the Body Mass in less than Seven Days Does Not Affect Physical Performance in Official Olympic Combat Athletes with Weight Classes: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Mauricio et al. (2022)
Sport psychology and performance meta-analyses: A systematic review of the literature. Lochbaum et al. (2022)
The Effect of Resistance Training on Motor Unit Firing Properties: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Elgueta-Cancino et al. (2022)
The Effects of High-Repetition Strength Training on Performance in Competitive Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nugent et al. (2022)
The Effects of Training Interventions on Interlimb Asymmetries: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis. Bettariga et al. (2022)
The mechanisms underpinning the effects of self-control exertion on subsequent physical performance: a meta-analysis. Hunte et al. (2021)
Effects of Exercise Training on Resting Testosterone Concentrations in Insufficiently Active Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Potter et al. (2021)
Putting the Squeeze on Compression Garments: Current Evidence and Recommendations for Future Research: A Systematic Scoping Review. Weakley et al. (2021)
The Effects of Exercise on Appetite in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hubner et al. (2021)
Upper-Body Post-activation Performance Enhancement for Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis and Recommendations for Future Research. Finlay et al. (2021)
Psychosocial Risk Factors for Overuse Injuries in Competitive Athletes: A Mixed-Studies Systematic Review. Tranaeus et al. (2021)
Effects of Resistance Training to Muscle Failure on Acute Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vieira et al. (2021)
When is knowledge of performance (KP) superior to knowledge of results (KR) in promoting motor skill learning? A systematic review. Oppici et al. (2021)
Toward understanding of coaches’ role in athletes’ eating pathology: A systematic review and ecological application to advance research. Voelker et al. (2021)
Tolerance to Intermittent vs. Continuous Blood Flow Restriction Training: A Meta-Analysis. Sinclair et al. (2021)
The relationships between step count and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events: A dose–response meta-analysis. Sheng et al. (2021)
The effectiveness of stress regulation interventions with athletes: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Murdoch et al. (2021)
The effectiveness of pre-performance routines in sports: a meta-analysis. Rupprecht et al. (2021)
The Effect of Resistance Training in Healthy Adults on Body Fat Percentage, Fat Mass and Visceral Fat: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Wewege et al. (2021)
The Effect of Intensity, Frequency, Duration and Volume of Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents on Skeletal Muscle Fitness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Wu et al. (2021)
The Calculation, Thresholds and Reporting of Inter-Limb Strength Asymmetry: A Systematic Review. Parkinson et al. (2021)
Systematic review of automatic assessment systems for resistance-training movement performance: A data science perspective. Hart et al. (2021)
Slow and Steady, or Hard and Fast? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies Comparing Body Composition Changes between Interval Training and Moderate Intensity Continuous Training. Steele et al. (2021)
Sleep interventions for performance, mood and sleep outcomes in athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gwyther et al. (2021)
Reactive Strength Index and its Associations with Measures of Physical and Sports Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Jarvis et al. (2021)
Myoelectric Activity and Fatigue in Low-Load Resistance Exercise With Different Pressure of Blood Flow Restriction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. de Queiros et al. (2021)
Motivational Factors and Barriers Towards Initiating and Maintaining Strength Training in Women: a Systematic Review and Meta-synthesis. Vasudevan and Ford (2021)
Metabolomics in Exercise and Sports: A Systematic Review. Khoramipour et al. (2021)
Mental health interventions in non-elite sport: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sutcliffe et al. (2021)
Low-to-Moderate-Intensity Resistance Exercise Effectively Improves Arterial Stiffness in Adults: Evidence From Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression Analysis. Zhang et al. (2021)
Effects of Strength Training on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability—A Systematic Review. Corso et al. (2021)
Effects of Spaceflight on Musculoskeletal Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, Considerations for Interplanetary Travel. Comfort et al. (2021)
Effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in the elderly: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Li et al. (2021)
Effects of Resistance Training Methods on Golf Clubhead Speed and Hitting Distance: A Systematic Review. Uthoff et al. (2021)
Effects of Pre-, Post- and Intra-Exercise Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Performance and Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Huang et al. (2021)
Effect of vibration foam rolling on the range of motion in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Park et al. (2021)
Effect of Functional Training on Physical Fitness Among Athletes: A Systematic Review. Xiao et al. (2021)
Effect of an Acute Resistance Training Bout and Long-Term Resistance Training Program on Arterial Stiffness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Jurik et al. (2021)
Does mental fatigue affect skilled performance in athletes? A systematic review. Sun et al. (2021)
Does exercise affect bone mineral density and content when added to a calorie-restricted diet? A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Yazdanpanah et al. (2021)
Do exercise-associated genes explain phenotypic variance in the three components of fitness? a systematic review & meta-analysis. Chung et al. (2021)
Association between Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Pathway-Related Genes, Vitamin D Status, Muscle Mass and Function: A Systematic Review. Krasniqi et al. (2021)
Accuracy in Predicting Repetitions to Task Failure in Resistance Exercise: A Scoping Review and Exploratory Meta-analysis. Halperin et al. (2021)
A Systematic Review Examining the Approaches Used to Estimate Interindividual Differences in Trainability and Classify Individual Responses to Exercise Training. Bonafiglia et al. (2021)
A Comparison of the Effects of Foam Rolling and Stretching on Physical Performance. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Konrad et al. (2021)
Is resistance training alone an antihypertensive therapy? A meta-analysis. Abrahin et al. (2021)
Daily Step Count and All-Cause Mortality: A Dose–Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Jayedi et al. (2021)
A Systematic Review of the Association Between Muscular Fitness and Telomere Length Across the Adult Lifespan. Marques et al. (2021)
Scapular Dyskinesis Is Not an Isolated Risk Factor for Shoulder Injury in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Hogan et al. (2020)
Physical therapy interventions for the treatment of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS): Systematic review and meta-analysis. Nahon et al. (2021)
Muscle Activity and Activation in Previously Strain-Injured Lower Limbs: A Systematic Review. Presland et al. (2021)
Ghrelin Response to Acute and Chronic Exercise: Insights and Implications from a Systematic Review of the Literature. Ouerghi et al. (2021)
Genetic variations associated with non-contact muscle injuries in sport: A systematic review. Lim et al. (2021)
Current Techniques Used for Practical Blood Flow Restriction Training: A Systematic Review. Bielitzki et al. (2021)
Exercisers’ Affective and Enjoyment Responses: A Meta-Analytic and Meta-Regression Review. de Oliveira Tavares et al. (2021)
Residual force enhancement in human skeletal muscles: A systematic review and meta-analysis. de Campos et al. (2021)
Gamification for the Improvement of Diet, Nutritional Habits, and Body Composition in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Suleiman-Martos et al. (2021)
The use of real-time monitoring during flywheel resistance training programmes: how can we measure eccentric overload? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Muñoz-López et al. (2021)
The Accumulated Effects of Foam Rolling Combined with Stretching on Range of Motion and Physical Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Konrad et al. (2021)
Health Outcomes after Pregnancy in Elite Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Kimber et al. (2021)
Effects of exercise training with blood flow restriction on vascular function in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pereira-Neto et al. (2021)
Acute Effects of Training Loads on Muscle Damage Markers and Performance in Semi-elite and Elite Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Simmons et al. (2021)
Benefits of Daytime Napping Opportunity on Physical and Cognitive Performances in Physically Active Participants: A Systematic Review. Souabni et al. (2021)
What Intervention Techniques Are Effective in Changing Positive Affective Variables and Physical Activity? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Chen et al. (2021)
Effects of genetic variation on endurance performance, muscle strength and injury susceptibility in sports: A systematic review. Appel et al. (2021)
Effects of chronic physical activity on cognition across the lifespan: a systematic meta-review of randomized controlled trials and realist synthesis of contextualized mechanisms. Pesce et al. (2021)
Effect of resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle damage markers in adults: A systematic review. de Queiros et al. (2021)
Comparisons of calorie restriction and structured exercise on reductions in visceral and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue: a systematic review. Abe et al. (2021)
Effect of resistance training with and without caloric restriction on visceral fat: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Khalafi et al. (2021)
Transcriptomic meta-analysis of disuse muscle atrophy vs. resistance exercise-induced hypertrophy in young and older humans. Deane et al. (2021)
Validity and Reliability of Mobile Applications for Assessing Strength, Power, Velocity, and Change-of-Direction: A Systematic Review. Silva et al. (2021)
Utilisation of far infrared-emitting garments for optimising performance and recovery in sport: Real potential or new fad? A systematic review. Bontemps et al. (2021)
The implementation of resistance training principles in exercise interventions for lower limb tendinopathy: A systematic review. Burton and McCormack (2021)
The application of Goal Setting Theory to goal setting interventions in sport: a systematic review. Jeong et al. (2021)
Effects of Regular Physical Activity on the Immune System, Vaccination and Risk of Community-Acquired Infectious Disease in the General Population: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Chastin et al. (2021)
Is Pre-season Eccentric Strength Testing During the Nordic Hamstring Exercise Associated with Future Hamstring Strain Injury? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Opar et al. (2021)
Is Physical Activity Associated with Less Depression and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Rapid Systematic Review. Wolf et al. (2021)
Does lower-limb asymmetry increase injury risk in sport? A systematic review. Helme et al. (2021)
Changes in Muscle Oxygen Saturation Measured Using Wireless Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Resistance Training: A Systematic Review. Miranda-Fuentes et al. (2021)
Blood Flow Restriction Training in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Pitsillides et al. (2021)
A Critical Systematic Review of Current Evidence on the Effects of Physical Exercise on Whole/Regional Grey Matter Brain Volume in Populations at Risk of Neurodegeneration. Hvid et al. (2021)
Effectiveness of resistance exercises in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A meta-analysis. Zhigang and Yi (2021)
Resistance training to reduce resting blood pressure and increase muscle strength in users and non-users of anti-hypertensive medication: A meta-analysis. Polito et al. (2021)
Master athletes have longer telomeres than age-matched non-athletes. A systematic review, meta-analysis and discussion of possible mechanisms. Aguiar et al. (2021)
Association of circulating C-reactive protein and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein with components of sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Shokri-mashhadi et al. (2021)
Strength Training versus Stretching for Improving Range of Motion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Afonso et al. (2021)
The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Elite Athlete Performance: A Critical and Systematic Review. Meignié et al. (2021)
The Ability of Exercise to Mitigate Caloric Restriction-Induced Bone Loss in Older Adults: A Structured Review of RCTs and Narrative Review of Exercise-Induced Changes in Bone Biomarkers. Wherry et al. (2021)
Non-local Muscle Fatigue Effects on Muscle Strength, Power, and Endurance in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Behm et al. (2021)
Footwear and Elevated Heel Influence On Barbell Back Squat: a Review. Pangan and Leineweber (2021)
Effects of tissue flossing on the healthy and impaired musculoskeletal system: A scoping review. Konrad et al. (2021)
Effectiveness of treatments for acute and subacute mechanical non-specific low back pain: a systematic review with network meta-analysis. Gianola et al. (2021)
Does adaptive thermogenesis occur after weight loss in adults? A systematic review. Nunes et al. (2021)
Health wearable devices for weight and BMI reduction in individuals with overweight/obesity and chronic comorbidities: systematic review and network meta-analysis. McDonough et al. (2021)
Effect of Nordic Hamstring Exercise Training on Knee Flexors Eccentric Strength and Fascicle Length: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medeiros et al. (2021)
A Systematic Review of CrossFit® Workouts and Dietary and Supplementation Interventions to Guide Nutritional Strategies and Future Research in CrossFit®. de Souza et al. (2021)
The Association Between Poor Sleep and the Incidence of Sport and Physical Training-Related Injuries in Adult Athletic Populations: A Systematic Review. Dobrosielski et al. (2021)
Investigating sex differences in the accuracy of dietary assessment methods to measure energy intake in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. McKenzie et al. 2021
Heat and Cold Therapy Reduce Pain in Patients with Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 32 Randomized Controlled Trials. Wang et al. (2021)
This meta-analysis found that post-exercise heat and cold therapy can both reduce muscle soreness assessed within 24 hours after the exercise session, but only heat therapy (particularly the use of hot packs) reduced soreness assessed more than 24 hours post-exercise. However, it’s worth noting that there were not statistically significant differences between heat and cold therapy. Given that cold therapy may reduce muscle growth, and heat therapy is at least as effective for reducing soreness, heat therapy may be a better option if you want to reduce soreness post-training.
The Validity and Reliability of Commercially Available Resistance Training Monitoring Devices: A Systematic Review. Weakley et al. (2021)
The current research examining the validity and reliability of commercial devices used for measuring velocity and power output in the gym is of fairly low quality overall, but it suggests that linear position transducers (the devices that have a string that attaches to the barbell; GymAware, SmartCoach, 1080Q, T-Force, Chronojump, Tendo, Virtuve, Fitronic, Open Barbell System, and Ergotest) generally perform better than the other types of devices on the market (accelerometers, mobile apps, and optic devices).
Effects of Bilateral and Unilateral Resistance Training on Horizontally Orientated Movement Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Moran et al. (2020)
Bilateral and unilateral training seem to have similar effects on gains in horizontal-oriented performance (sprinting, various agility tests, stair climb speed, etc.). Importantly, plyometric training seems to be key for maximizing horizontal performance. Plyometrics had the largest effect on horizontal performance during unilateral training, and combined training (plyometrics plus resistance training) had the largest effect during bilateral training.
Aging and Recovery After Resistance-Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage: Current Evidence and Implications for Future Research. Fernandes et al. (2020)
The key takeaway of this systematic review is that, by and large, older (~40-75 years old) and younger (<30 years old) don’t massively differ in their recovery responses following a resistance training session. However, it’s worth noting that a lot of the exercise protocols used in the research to this point have lacked ecological validity and, quite frankly, any significant degree of difficulty (for example, 6 sets of 5 eccentric reps at 40% of MVIC). If we use a “vote-counting” approach, older people seem to show signs of greater muscle damage and slower recovery (4 studies report that finding, 2 studies report greater damage or slower recovery in younger subjects, and the rest report no difference), and I personally suspect the current literature underestimates how large the differences would be with ecologically valid training protocols. However, the current evidence suggests that, at minimum, there’s not a completely night-and-day difference in recovery capacity between older and younger lifters.
Effects of Testosterone Supplementation on Sarcopenic Components in Middle-Aged and Elderly Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Parahiba et al. (2020)
I’m sure this comes as a surprise to no one, but exogenous testosterone supplementation tends to increase lean mass and strength.
The Impact of Sleep Duration on Performance Among Competitive Athletes: A Systematic Literature Review. Kirschen et al. (2020)
In general, sleep extension tends to improve athletic performance, while sleep restriction or deprivation tends to decrease performance. Those effects seem to be larger and more consistent for aspects of athletic performance that require focus or active thought (strategy, coordination, etc.) rather just sheer physiological capacity (strength, endurance, etc.). Additionally, longer-term interventions (lasting a few days or weeks rather than just one night) are more likely to find positive effects from sleep extension and negative effects from sleep restriction, including effects on physiological capacity.
This study was reviewed in more depth in the November 2020 issue of MASS.
Acute Effects of Cluster and Rest Redistribution Set Structures on Mechanical, Metabolic, and Perceptual Fatigue During and After Resistance Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Jukic et al. (2020)
Cluster set training and rest redistribution training (which is basically the same thing as cluster set training) help people better-maintain velocity and power output during resistance training, while also reducing lactate accumulation and perceived effort.
Effects of Resistance Training on Muscle Size and Strength in Very Elderly Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Grgic et al. (2020)
This meta was basically interested in investigating whether very old people (at least 75 years old) were still capable of getting stronger and building muscle. They are. The pooled effect size for strength was quite large (0.97), while the pooled effect size for hypertrophy was considerably smaller (0.30). The authors also report that resistance training didn’t cause a significant increase in grip strength, though I’d take that lack of significance with a grain of salt; the confidence interval barely crossed zero (ES = 0.25; 95% CI = -0.02-0.54; p = 0.064), and all point estimates leaned in favor of resistance training improving grip strength. They also report no significant fiber hypertrophy, though I’d also take that outcome with a grain of salt, since only 3 studies measured fiber hypertrophy (and again, all point estimates leaned in favor of resistance training).
Another recent meta by Straight and colleagues also examined fiber hypertrophy in older adults (age range: 59-88.5 years old). It found significant type I and type II fiber hypertrophy in older adults, with rates of hypertrophy tending to be lower for older subjects. However, age only explained a small proportion of the variance (~11%), suggesting that new lifters should still be able to experience some degree of hypertrophy into their 80s (though people in the 50s and 60s will generally experience more hypertrophy).
The Muscle Carnosine Response to Beta-Alanine Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Individual and Aggregate Data E-Max Model and Meta-analysis. Rezende et al. (2020)
This was an interesting meta-analysis. It was interested in the maximum possible increase in muscle carnosine content following beta-alanine supplementation. The authors propose that muscle carnosine levels may be able to almost double following sufficient beta-alanine supplementation, but that most research protocols only provide enough beta-alanine supplementation to increase muscle carnosine levels by ~30%. They suggest that a cumulative dose of ~1500+g of beta-alanine would be required to maximize muscle carnosine levels. At the standard dose of 6.4g/day, it would, therefore, take approximately 8 months to maximize muscle carnosine levels, whereas lead-in times for many studies last only 4 weeks. If the authors’ model is accurate, the possible ergogenic effect of beta-alanine supplementation may be considerably larger than the current literature suggests, but studies with longer lead-in periods or larger daily beta-alanine doses would be required to confirm this hypothesis.
Does Acupuncture Benefit Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness after Strenuous Exercise? A Systematic Review and meta-analysis. Chunwei et al. (2020)
Acupuncture may improve recovery (soreness, isometric force, and creatine kinase) for up to 72 hours post-training. However, the majority of the studies included in this meta compared acupuncture to a no-treatment control condition, not a sham treatment. As such, it’s hard to know the degree to which these effects are driven by acupuncture itself, versus a simple placebo effect.
Core Muscle Activity during Physical Fitness Exercises: A Systematic Review. Olivia-Lozano and Muyor (2020)
This is a systematic review of 67 studies examining muscle activity in 6 different muscles, so it would be virtually impossible to succinctly summarize. However, if you’re interested in learning about how different exercises affect more muscle activation, this would be a useful review to read and mine for references.
A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Foam Rolling on Performance and Recovery. Wiewelhove et al. (2019)
Foam rolling before exercise seems to have small beneficial effects on sprint performance and flexibility, but not jumping performance or strength. Foam rolling after exercise seems to have a small effect on attenuating acute post-training strength decreases, decreases in sprint speed, and muscle pain perception. The findings of another review were broadly similar.
Acute Effects of Foam Rolling on Range of Motion in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review with Multilevel Meta-analysis. Wilke et al. (2019)
Foam rolling does acutely improve range of motion, but it doesn’t appear to be any more effective than stretching. Foam rolling may also be a bit more effective for females than males.
Cooling during exercise enhances performances, but the cooled body areas matter: A systematic review with meta‐analyses. Douzi et al. (2019)
Many different cooling interventions during exercise seem to improve aerobic exercise performance. There’s less research on anaerobic exercise, but whole-body cooling garments have some empirical support. This study was previously discussed in more depth in MASS.
Effects of Evening Exercise on Sleep in Healthy Participants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stutz et al. (2018)
On average, as long as you complete your exercise session at least an hour before going to bed, evening exercise shouldn’t have a significant negative impact on sleep.
Effects of local cryotherapy for recovery of delayed onset muscle soreness and strength following exercise-induced muscle damage: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nogueira et al. (2019)
Local cryotherapy (i.e. icing a muscle after you train it) does not seem to be effective for reducing soreness or attenuating strength losses following a training session.
Effects of Prior Cognitive Exertion on Physical Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Brown et al. (2019)
Intense mental exertion before exercise testing generally reduces most measures of physical performance. If possible, it’s probably not a bad idea to chill out and give your brain a break for a while before you work out.
Electromyographic activity in deadlift exercise and its variants. A systematic review. Martín-Fuentes et al. (2020)
This would be a tough review to summarize succinctly. However, it’s a good resource if you want to get a quick overview of the current EMG research on various deadlift varieties.
Including the Nordic hamstring exercise in injury prevention programmes halves the rate of hamstring injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 8459 athletes. van Dyk et al. (2019)
The title of this meta-analysis is shockingly self-explanatory. Nordic curls dramatically decrease the risk of hamstrings strains in athletes.
Is tDCS an Adjunct Ergogenic Resource for Improving Muscular Strength and Endurance Performance? A Systematic Review. Machado et al. (2019)
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) seems to improve strength and strength endurance performance pretty reliably, but its effects on endurance performance are less reliable. More research is needed to understand how to most reliably elicit positive effects.
Overtraining in Resistance Exercise: An Exploratory Systematic Review and Methodological Appraisal of the Literature. Grandou et al. (2020)
While there’s a lot of research regarding markers and predictors of overtraining in aerobic sports, less total research exists regarding overtraining and resistance exercise. So far, the only reliable marker we know of for identifying overtraining in resistance exercise exercise is a sustained decrease in performance.
Physical Effects of Anabolic-androgenic Steroids in Healthy Exercising Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Andrews et al. (2018)
It should surprise no one to learn that anabolic steroids help people build more muscle and gain more strength. 13 studies reported adverse events, which are summarized below.
The association of resistance training with mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Saeidifard et al. (2019)
Resistance training is associated with a ~20% lower rate of all-cause mortality. The combination of resistance and aerobic training is associated with a ~40% lower all-cause mortality rate. Breaking news: exercise is good.
The effect of exercise interventions on resting metabolic rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis. MacKenzie-Shalders et al. (2020)
Exercise interventions tend to increase your resting metabolic rate by ~70-100kcal/day, on average. The effect is statistically significant for resistance exercise but not aerobic exercise, primarily because the increase seems to be more homogeneous for resistance exercise (CI: 45 – 147kcal/day) than aerobic exercise (CI: -58 – 221kcal/day).
The Effect of the Menstrual Cycle and Oral Contraceptives on Acute Responses and Chronic Adaptations to Resistance Training: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Thompson et al. (2019)
It’s hard to give this systematic review a short summary. However, overall, oral contraceptives may have a slight negative impact on recovery from resistance exercise; their effect on resistance training adaptations is unclear. Female lifters may make slightly faster progress when training in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle when compared to the luteal phase. It’s hard to make many firm conclusions, however, due to the variety of different oral contraception formulations and relative dearth of studies on the effects the menstrual cycle has on exercise recovery.
The Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Exercise Performance in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Elliott-Sale et al. (2020)
This meta-analysis found that oral contraceptives may slightly reduce performance in female athletes. The pooled effect sizes were trivial (d = 0.18 when comparing the early follicular phase to the withdrawal phase on OCs, and d = 0.13 when comparing the rest of the menstrual cycle to active pill days on OCs), however. Therefore, oral contraceptives may slightly decrease exercise performance, but the magnitude of the effect is likely too small to be meaningful for most athletes, though the magnitude of the effect likely varies based on the individual and form of OC.
The Placebo and Nocebo effect on sports performance: A systematic review. Hurst et al. (2019)
Placebo and nocebo effects have small but notable effects on sport and exercise performance. The “intensity” of the placebo (i.e. something like placebo steroids are more intense than placebo caffeine supplementation) seems to substantially impact the magnitude of the placebo effect. This study was previously discussed in more depth in MASS.
An evidence-based approach for choosing post-exercise recovery techniques to reduce markers of muscle damage, soreness, fatigue and inflammation: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Dupuy et al. (2018)
Several different recovery modalities, including massage, active recovery, compression garments, water immersion, contrast water therapy, and cryotherapy were found to significantly decrease DOMS and attenuate increases in inflammatory markers. Massage was found to be most effective for attenuating both DOMS and perceived fatigue. It’s also worth noting that while cold water immersion was found to be effective for promoting recovery, other research shows that it can decrease muscle growth if used chronically. This study was reviewed in more detail in Volume 2, Issue 6 of MASS.
Talent Identification in Sport: A Systematic Review. Johnston et al. (2017)
We don’t actually know very much about talent identification in sport, generally. However, the quality of the research varies sport-to-sport. The research to-date is summarized in Table 1 of the article; there’s too much to provide a tidy synopsis here, but it’s worth reading for yourself if talent identification in a particular sport matters to you.
Blood flow restriction training in clinical musculoskeletal rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hughes et al. (2017)
Low-load training with blood flow restriction seems to aid in strength recovery after injury better than low-load training without blood flow restriction. However, heavier training was more effective for regaining strength than low-load training with blood flow restriction. If loading is tolerated, heavier training is typically the better option; however, low-load training with blood flow restriction seems to be a better option than plain lo- load training in situations where a tissue isn’t yet ready for heavier loading.
Sleep Interventions Designed to Improve Athletic Performance and Recovery: A Systematic Review of Current Approaches. Bonnar et al. (2018)
Sleep extension (aiming for 9+ hours of sleep per night) was found to most reliably improve performance. Improving sleep hygiene also tended to improve performance, though to a smaller degree and less reliably than sleep extension. This systematic review was discussed in Volume 2, Issue 3 of MASS.
Choking interventions in sports: A systematic review. Gröpel and Mesagno (2018)
“The most reported effective interventions were pre-performance routines, quiet eye training, left-hand contractions, and acclimatisation training. The use of dual task was beneficial for performance under pressure but harmful when used in training. Mixed evidence was found for analogy learning, and null effects were reported for goal setting, neurofeedback training, and reappraisal cues.”
Mindfulness and acceptance approaches to sporting performance enhancement: a systematic review. Noetel et al. (2017)
“Compared to no treatment in randomised trials, large effect sizes were found for improving mindfulness, flow, and performance, and lower competitive anxiety. Evidence was graded to be low quality, meaning further research is very likely to have an important impact on confidence in these effects…A number of studies found positive effects for mindfulness and acceptance interventions; however, with limited internal validity across studies, it is difficult to make strong causal claims about the benefits these strategies offer for athletes.”
Influence of chronic stretching on muscle performance: Systematic review. Medeiros et al (2017)
In 28 studies that examined the effects of chronic stretching on muscular performance, 14 reported increases in performance, while the rest reported no difference (none reported decreases in performance). All of the studies reported improvements in performance used dynamic tests, while no measures of isometric strength improved. This systematic review was discussed in Volume 1, Issue 4 of MASS.
The Effects of Injury Prevention Programs on the Biomechanics of Landing Tasks: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis. Lopes et al. (2017)
Injury prevention programs aimed at altering biomechanical profiles associated with ACL injury risk seem to be effective. Specifically, they seem to help increase knee and hip flexion angles during landing tasks (meaning people are absorbing force more effectively, rather than getting a big “shock” when they land), and decrease knee abduction moments (knee caving). The fact that landing mechanics are trainable is important information for coaches who train athletes (specifically female athletes in sports that require a lot of jumping).
Effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive function of healthy individuals: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Avgerinos et al. (2018)
Creatine supplementation may improve short-term memory and reasoning ability, especially in older adults. The effects on memory are larger in vegetarians than omnivores. Creatine supplementation doesn’t seem to affect other cognitive domains.
The effect of resistance exercise on sleep: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Kovacevic et al. (2018)
“Chronic resistance exercise improves all aspects of sleep, with the greatest benefit for sleep quality. These benefits of isolated resistance exercise are attenuated when resistance exercise is combined with aerobic exercise and compared to aerobic exercise alone. However, the acute effects of resistance exercise on sleep remain poorly studied and inconsistent. In addition to the sleep benefits, resistance exercise training improves anxiety and depression. These results suggest that resistance exercise may be an effective intervention to improve sleep quality.”
The epidemiology of injuries across weight-training sports. Keogh and Winwood (2017)
Bodybuilding has the lowest injury risk (0.24-1 injuries per 1,000 hours) and strongman and highland games have the highest injury risk (4.5-7.5 injuries per 1,000 hours), while weightlifting and powerlifting fall in the middle. A more recent meta-analysis by Rodríguez and colleagues looked at injury rates in CrossFitters, finding injury rates comparable to those seen in powerlifters and weightlifters.
Is core stability a risk factor for lower extremity injuries in an athletic population? A systematic review. De Blaiser et al. (2018)
Low core stability may increase athletes’ risk of lower extremity injuries.
Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of jet lag. Herxheimer and Petrie (2002)
Melatonin taken before bed helps you adapt to a new time zone when traveling, reducing symptoms of jet lag. Doses between 0.5mg and 5mg seem to be effective (with 5mg helping more than lower doses), and fast-release pills seem to work better than slow-release pills. While melatonin can help when only crossing a couple time zones, it appears that its effects are most notable when crossing 5+ time zones.
Association of Efficacy of Resistance Exercise Training With Depressive Symptoms: Meta-analysis and Meta-regression Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Gordon et al. (2018)
Resistance training seems to aid in decreasing depressive symptoms. This is rather unsurprising, as exercise in general helps decrease depressive symptoms. However, resistance training seems to work just as well as aerobic training, if not slightly better (“When directly comparing the effects of resistance exercise training and aerobic exercise training, a small, nonsignificant mean effect change favoring resistance exercise training was found”). It’s possible that this meta-analysis overestimates the effects of resistance exercise on depression, however. The authors note that higher-quality studies tended to find smaller (though still positive) effects than lower-quality studies.
Effects of Strength Training on Running Economy in Highly Trained Runners: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials. Balsalobre-Fernandez et al. (2016)
In really well-trained runners, resistance training (generally a combination of lifting and plyometrics) has a large, beneficial effect on running economy. A 2018 systematic review by Blagrove et al. on trained (but not quite as well-trained) broadly agrees with these findings, adding, “Time trial (TT) performance (1.5–10 km) and anaerobic speed qualities also tended to improve following ST. Other parameters [maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), velocity at VO2max, blood lactate, body composition] were typically unaffected by ST.” In other words, it appears that strength training primarily improves running performance by increasing speed and running economy, without negatively affecting purely aerobic variables.
A Systematic Review of the Effects of Resistance Training on Body Image. SantaBarbara et al. (2017)
“The majority (8 of 11) of studies concluded that resistance training can significantly improve multiple dimensions of body image, including body satisfaction, appearance evaluation, and social physique anxiety…Overall, resistance training seems to have the potential to improve body image in adults, but future high-quality studies with more rigorous testing methods and study designs are needed.”
Strength training as superior, dose-dependent and safe prevention of acute and overuse sports injuries: a systematic review, qualitative analysis and meta-analysis. Lauersen et al. (2018)
Strength training may reduce the risk of sports injuries by approximately 2/3rds.
Muscle Dysmorphia Symptomatology and Associated Psychological Features in Bodybuilders and Non-Bodybuilder Resistance Trainers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mitchell et al. (2016)
Bodybuilders display greater symptoms of muscle dysmorphia on all aspects of Muscle Dysmorphia Inventory (MDI) than people who lift weights but aren’t competitive bodybuilders. Furthermore, higher levels of muscle dysmorphia were positively associated with increased anxiety, depression, and neuroticism, and negatively associated with self-concept and self-esteem.